|
''The Secret History of the Mongols'' (Traditional Mongolian: 60px ''Mongγol-un niγuca tobčiyan'', Khalkha Mongolian: Монголын нууц товчоо, ''Mongolyn nuuts tovchoo''〔re-transcribed from . The 卜 is not included in the Chinese-transcribed titles of the copies known today, but this may be the result of a corruption. William Hung, 'The Transmission of the Book Known as "The Secret History of the Mongols"', ''Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies'', Vol. 14, No. 3/4 (Dec 1951), p.440〕) is the oldest surviving Mongolian-language literary work. It was written for the Mongol royal family some time after Genghis Khan's death in AD 1227, by an anonymous author and probably originally in the Uyghur script, though the surviving texts all derive from transcriptions or translations into Chinese characters dating from the end of the 14th century, compiled by the Ming dynasty under the name ''The Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty'' (). The ''Secret History'' is regarded as the single most significant native Mongolian account of Genghis Khan. Linguistically, it provides the richest source of pre-classical Mongolian and Middle Mongolian.〔Igor de Rachewiltz, ''The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century'' (Brill: Leiden, The Netherlands) at xxvi.〕 The ''Secret History'' is regarded as a piece of classic literature in both Mongolia and the rest of the world. ==Content== The work begins with a semi-mythical genealogy of Temüjin's family. The description of Temüjin's life begins with the kidnapping of his mother, Hoelun, by his father Yesügei. It then covers Temüjin's early life; the difficult times after the murder of his father; and the many conflicts against him, wars, and plots before he gains the title of Genghis Khan (Universal Ruler) in 1206. The latter parts of the work deal with the campaigns of conquest of Genghis and his third son Ögedei throughout Eurasia; the text ends with Ögedei's reflections on what he did well and what he did wrong. It relates how the Mongol Empire was created. It contains 12 chapters: # Temüjin's origin and childhood. # Temüjin's teenage years. # Temujin destroys the Merkit and takes the title Genghis Khan. # Genghis Khan struggles against Jamukha and Tayichiud. # Genghis Khan destroys the Tatars and tangles with Ong Khan # Destruction of the Khereid # The fate of Ong Khan # Escape of Kuchlug and defeat of Jamukha. # Establishment of the empire and imperial guard. # Conquest of the Uyghur and forest peoples. # Conquest of China, the Tanghut, the Sartuul, Baghdad and Russia # Temüjin's death and Ögedei's reign. Several passages of the ''Secret History'' appear in slightly different versions in the 17th century Mongolian chronicle ''Altan Tobchi'' ("The Golden Summary of the Principles of Statecraft as established by the Ancient Khans"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Secret History of the Mongols」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
